EU RoHS electronic hazardous materials testing process for vending machines
Date：2025-10-09 10:15:31 Classification
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The RoHS Directive is a mandatory standard established by EU legislation. It stands for "Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment." The complete process and key requirements for EU RoHS testing of vending machines for hazardous substances are summarized in conjunction with EU Directive 2011/65/EU and testing practices:
I. Pre-Test Preparation
1. Confirm the Test Scope
- Vending machines fall into the category of electrical and electronic equipment (Category 10) explicitly regulated by the RoHS Directive.
- The entire machine and all components (housing, circuit boards, cables, display, etc.) must be tested, with a focus on homogeneous materials (single material composition).
2. Submit a Bill of Materials
- Required Documents: Product BOM (Parts List), circuit schematic, and instruction manual.
- Sample Requirements:
- Homogeneous material samples (such as metal housing, plastic panel, solder joints, etc.) after disassembly of the entire machine.
- Non-metallic materials must weigh 10-20g per item, and metallic materials must weigh 5-10g per item.
II. Testing Process
1. Application and Quote
- Fill out the testing application form. The laboratory will assess the fee based on the material type and number of colors (e.g., approximately 500 yuan for a single material, over 1,000 yuan for a complete machine with multiple materials).
- Sign the service agreement and pay the fee.
2. Sample Splitting and Pretreatment
- Split the complete machine into homogeneous materials (e.g., ABS plastic, copper wire, galvanized screws, etc.) to avoid mixed testing.
- The laboratory will perform digestion or initial X-ray fluorescence (XRF) screening on the sample.
3. Hazardous Substance Testing
- Core Items:
| Substance | Limit Requirements
| Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) | ≤1000ppm
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤100ppm
| Hexavalent Chromium (Cr⁶⁺) | ≤1000ppm
| Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc. | ≤1000ppm
| Four Phthalates | ≤1000ppm
- Method: XRF screening + ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) for precise quantification.
4. Report Issuance and Certification
- Upon passing the test, the laboratory will issue a RoHS compliance report (usually within 5-7 business days, expedited to 3 days).
- Apply for CE-RoHS certification based on the report and affix the CE mark for EU market access.
III. Key Considerations
1. Application of Exemptions
- High-temperature solder (lead content > 85%) and servo motor brushes (cadmium alloy) are eligible for exemptions. Documentation supporting the exemption is required.
2. Whole-Machine Certification Requirements
- If a vending machine contains built-in electronic modules (such as payment systems or thermostats), the modules must be tested separately and a consolidated report must be submitted.
3. Ongoing Compliance
- Retesting is required when raw materials or designs are changed. Annual spot checks are recommended (especially for supplier materials).
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