What are the California 65 testing items for electronic components?
Date：2025-09-18 10:27:28 Classification
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California 65, English name: Proposition 65, referred to as CA65. Chinese name: "California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986", came into effect in November 1986. Core items and key requirements for electronic components to be tested under California Proposition 65:
I. Mandatory items and limit requirements
1. Heavy metal migration test
- Lead (Pb):
- Accessible metal parts ≤100ppm (such as housing, interface)
- Solder material ≤100ppm [[9]]()
- Surface coating (spray paint/printing) ≤90ppm
- Cadmium (Cd):
- General limit ≤300ppm (applicable to batteries, plastic parts)
- Jewelry components need to be additionally distinguished by plating material
2. Phthalates
- Controlled substances: DEHP, BBP, DBP, DIDP, DnHP, etc.
- Limit: All accessible plastic/rubber parts ≤0.1% (1000ppm)
- High-risk parts: cable sheath, soft seals, buttons
3. Bisphenol A (BPA)
- Polycarbonate (PC) components: ≤1000ppm (e.g., connectors, insulation).
4. Flame Retardants
- Brominated/phosphorus-based flame retardants in printed circuit boards (PCBs) and housing plastics require quantitative testing (limits vary depending on the specific chemical).
5. Other High-Risk Substances
- Formaldehyde: Textile insulation materials: ≤75ppm
- Hexavalent chromium: Metal plating or anti-corrosion coatings
- New item for lithium batteries: Cobalt and nickel migration (new requirement in 2024)
II. Exemptions and Special Scenarios
1. Exemptions:
- Fully encapsulated, inaccessible chips (must be RoHS compliant and pose no exposure risk)
- Ceramic/glass encapsulated components (lead content exemption requires a separate application)
2. Special Component Requirements:
- Batteries: Lithium batteries require additional testing for heavy metal leaching (lead ≤0.35ppm)
- Thermally conductive materials: Silicone grease/pads must be tested for phthalates and siloxane residues.
III. Testing Process and Compliance Key Points
| Steps | Key Actions
| 1. Sampling Strategy | Separate testing by material/color, prioritizing accessible components (e.g., housing, connectors, buttons).
| 2. Laboratory Qualifications | Select a CPSC or CMA/CNAS-accredited laboratory ([DeZeWei CNAS Registration Number: L8083]).
| 3. Report Generation | Routine testing: 5–7 days; complex products (including batteries/multi-layer PCBs) can be extended to 10 days.
IV. Labeling and Ongoing Compliance
- Warning Labeling: If lead levels are >90 ppm or phthalates exceed the permitted limits, the following label must be displayed:
> *"WARNING: Contains lead, a chemical known to cause cancer."*
- Annual Maintenance:
- Annually sample 10% of batches. Retesting is required after any material changes.
- Updates to the Watchlist (e.g., the addition of phosphite control in 2025)
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